Which statement correctly describes the effect of elevated temperatures on wastewater treatment?

Elevated temperatures in wastewater treatment typically enhance metabolic rates of the microbial populations involved in the breakdown of organic matter. Microorganisms such as bacteria thrive within certain temperature ranges, and an increase in temperature can accelerate their metabolic processes, thus improving the rate at which they consume organic pollutants. This results in more efficient treatment within a specific temperature range.

However, it's important to note that while increased temperatures can boost metabolic activity, there is a limit to this benefit. If temperatures rise too high, they may lead to the denaturation of enzymes and the stress or death of microbial communities, which can negatively impact treatment efficiency. Therefore, the correct answer captures the nuanced relationship between temperature and biological activity in wastewater treatment, highlighting both the benefits of increased rates of metabolism and the potential drawbacks at excessive temperatures.