What is one of the major environmental benefits of effective wastewater treatment?

One of the major environmental benefits of effective wastewater treatment is the protection of aquatic ecosystems. Wastewater that is untreated or inadequately treated can introduce harmful contaminants into rivers, lakes, and oceans. These contaminants may include pathogens, nutrients (like nitrogen and phosphorus), heavy metals, and organic compounds, all of which can be detrimental to aquatic life.

Effective treatment processes remove these harmful substances before the water is discharged back into the environment. This not only helps to maintain water quality but also ensures that aquatic plants and animals can thrive in their natural habitats. By protecting these ecosystems, effective wastewater treatment contributes to biodiversity, supports fish habitats, and preserves overall environmental health.

In contrast, the other options, such as increased industrial waste or enhanced global warming, highlight negative outcomes rather than benefits. While reduced odor from discharges is a positive aspect, it does not compare in importance to the critical role that wastewater treatment plays in safeguarding aquatic ecosystems, which are essential for environmental balance and sustainability.